The Irish government intends to establish a new state-owned water utility company, Irish Water, to lead the development of Ireland's water infrastructure. This is a fundamental departure from the existing structure of water services in Ireland and must be recognised as an opportunity to position Ireland’s water services for the challenges of the future. The Irish Academy of Engineering and Engineers Ireland jointly submit this report to the Minister for Environment, Community and Local Government for consideration by those deciding on new structures and arrangements for water services.